2012 (MMXII) will be a leap year starting on a Sunday. In the Gregorian calendar, it will be the 2012th year of the Common Era, or of Anno Domini; the 12th year of the 3rd millennium and of the 21st century; and the 3rd of the 2010s decade.
It has been designated Alan Turing Year, commemorating the mathematician, computer pioneer, and code-breaker on the centennial of Turing's birth.[1]
There are a variety of popular beliefs about the year 2012. These beliefs range from the spiritually transformative to the apocalyptic, and center upon various interpretations of the Mesoamerican Long Count calendar. Contemporary scientists have disputed the apocalyptic versions.[2]
In psychology, spiritual transformation is understood within the context of an individual's meaning system,[1] especially in relation to concepts of the sacred or ultimate concern.[2] Two of the fuller treatments of the concept in psychology come from Kenneth Pargament and Raymond Paloutzian:
Pargament says that "at its heart, spiritual transformation refers to a fundamental change in the place of the sacred or the character of the sacred in the life of the individual. Spiritual transformation can be understood in terms of new configurations of strivings" (p. 18).[3]
Paloutzian says that "spiritual transformation constitutes a change in the meaning system that a person holds as a basis for self-definition, the interpretation of life, and overarching purposes and ultimate concerns" (p. 334).[4]
In New Age spirituality, spiritual transformation is the act of transforming the deepest aspects of the human spirit via a self-induced or "divine" act.[citation needed]
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